Green Energy and the Hidden Cost of Rare Minerals
Green energy is often presented as clean, modern, and morally simple. Solar panels, wind turbines, electric vehicles, and batteries are symbols of a better future. They are necessary tools in reducing dependence on fossil fuels. But calling them “clean” should not mean ignoring the environmental and human costs behind their production. Many green technologies depend on minerals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, and rare earth elements. These materials must be mined, processed, transported, and manufactured. Mining can damage land, use large amounts of water, create pollution, and affect nearby…
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